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What are some trigger foods in Pollen Food Allergy Syndrome?

A yellow caution sign that reads "Allergy Season ahead".

Pollen Food Allergy Syndrome (PFAS) is a type of food allergy and is also called Oral Allergy Syndrome (OAS). With a PFAS, people who have a pollen allergy experience symptoms such as an itchy mouth or itchy throat when eating certain types of fresh fruits, vegetables, legumes and tree nuts. The proteins found in these foods are similar to the proteins found in pollen and causes a “cross-reaction.” The allergic symptoms can occur within a few minutes after eating the trigger food. The allergic symptoms can happen any time of the year, but tend to be worse during pollen seasons.

Trigger Foods 

The trigger foods depend on the pollen season and can also vary from person to person. Use the lists below as a guide to determine which foods may trigger your allergic symptoms. Not everyone with pollen allergies will have PFAS symptoms. Someone may have symptoms only with some foods. There’s no need for you to completely avoid all of the trigger foods if they are not causing any symptoms.

SPRING 

If you are allergic to BIRCH, you may have allergic symptoms when eating: 

  • apple, apricot, carrot, celery, cherry, kiwi, parsley, peach, pear, plum
  • almond, hazelnut, soybean, peanut see your doctor, an allergist or go to the hospital if you notice mouth or throat itching from these foods as it may be a sign of a more serious allergy. According to Food Allergy Canada, it is possible though not common for PFAS to lead to anaphylaxis.

SUMMER

If you are allergic to TIMOTHY and ORCHARD GRASS, you may have allergic symptoms when eating: 

  • orange, peach, tomato, watermelon, white potato

LATE SUMMER / FALL 

If you’re allergic to RAGWEED, you may have allergic symptoms when eating:

  • banana, cantaloupe, cucumber, honeydew, watermelon, white potato, zucchini

FALL 

If you’re allergic to MUGWORT, you may have allergic symptoms when eating: 

  • bell pepper, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, chard, garlic, onion, parsley

(Source: Food Allergy Canada; American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology)

What to do if you have Pollen Food Allergy Syndrome (PFAS)

  • Keep track of which foods and which varieties of the food trigger your allergic symptoms. For example, if you have a birch allergy, you may only have symptoms with certain varieties of apples. Or you may have symptoms with apples but not with peaches.
  • Cook or heat the trigger food before eating. Heat changes the protein structure of the food and may lessen symptoms. Avoid eating the trigger food fresh or raw.
  • Peel the fruit or vegetable before eating since the protein is often concentrated in the skin. You can also try canned versions of the food.
  • See your allergist or health care professional for additional advice if you have symptoms when eating peanuts or tree nuts.

The information in this blog is intended for educational purposes only and does not replace the advice recommended by your health care professional.

Nutrition tip of the month: Get enough protein at breakfast

A plate with two eggs and saladAre you getting enough protein at breakfast?

Many of us are not. Aim for 20-30 grams of protein at this meal. Not only will this help you feel full throughout the morning, but it will also play a role in maintaining your muscle mass.

Here are 6 protein-packed breakfast ideas.

1. Eggs – Start with 2 large eggs. Whip up some scrambled eggs or an omelet with veggies. Top with about 1/4 cup grated cheese. Pair with a salad (yes, salad for breakfast!) or roll it up in a whole wheat tortilla. 20 grams of protein.

2. Greek Yogurt Bowl – Make your favourite smoothie bowl with 3/4 to 1 cup of Greek yogurt. Sprinkle on a small handful of nuts / granola and your favourite fruit. Easy! 20-30 grams of protein.

3. Grilled Cheese and Ham Sandwich – All you need are 2 slices of whole grain bread + 2 slices of cheese + 2 slices of ham or other lean meat. Done! 20-30 grams of protein.

4. Protein Smoothie – Make your favourite smoothie with high protein milk and / or add a scoop or more of protein powder. Read the nutrition information on the protein powder since they can range from 6 to 30 grams of protein per scoop.

5. Protein Pancakes – Check out your grocery store or online for protein pancake mix.  Team it up with a small glass of fortified soy beverage or milk. 20-30 grams of protein.

6. Creamy Oatmeal – Make a bowl of hot oatmeal with fortified soy beverage or milk instead of water. Stir in a tablespoon of nut butter and top with 1-2 tablespoons of chia seeds, hemp seeds or pumpkin seeds. 20 grams of protein.

What’s your favourite protein-packed breakfast? Let me know in the comments.

Tip of the Month: Stay hydrated

A person holding a glass of water In the colder months, we don’t always remember to stay hydrated. Sweat evaporates quickly in the cold, so you may not feel like you’re sweating a lot. What’s more, we don’t sense our thirst very well in the cold. The fact is, dehydration can occur in the winter and it can have a negative effect on your mood and energy.

Here are 6 tips to help you stay hydrated:

  1. Drink water throughout the day – when you wake up, during/after exercise, with meals and snacks, and even when you’re active outdoors.
  2. Fill up a water bottle or mug with water. If you need a little extra flavour, add sliced cucumbers or citrus. Bring the water bottle to your work station or keep it in your purse/backpack so that it’s visible and readily available.
  3. Drink warm fluids. Sometimes it’s easier to consume warm fluids during the winter. Try a latté, hot chocolate, hot tea or bowl of hot soup. They can be so comforting on a cold, chilly day.
  4. Enjoy a variety of fruits and veggies which have a high water content. Some great options are apples, pears, berries, melons, broccoli, tomatoes, zucchini and lettuce.
  5. Set a timer to drink water. Or plan to drink 1/2 cup to 1 cup of fluids for every hour that you’re awake. Don’t wait until you feel thirsty. The amount of water that you need daily can range between 11-15 cups, and varies depending on your activities and sweat levels. This can include drinking water as well as the fluids from food and other beverages.
  6. Check your urine. If you’re well hydrated, your urine should be clear or light yellow.

 

Written by Sue Mah, MHSc, RD, PHEc, FDC, award-winning dietitian, Nutrition Solutions Inc.

 

Foods to add to your plate for the winter

Sue is talking to TV host Kelsey McKewan with a table full of foodDuring the winter, we often face a dip in temperatures, wind chill and a lack of sunshine. To stay healthy and happy, try adding these nutrients and foods to your plate.

Click here to watch my national TV interview on this topic.

 

Vitamin D

Vitamin D benefits our bone health, immune function and mood.  Research shows that low vitamin D status is associated with depression. Often called the “sunshine vitamin”, vitamin D can be made when our skin is exposed to ultraviolet B rays from sunlight. However, during our Canadian winters with shorter days, there isn’t enough sunlight for this to happen. And even if we are outdoors, we’re usually all bundled up to stay warm. In fact, the risk of vitamin D inadequacy can double during the winter, compared to the summer.

From October to March, it’s advisable to take a vitamin D supplement, especially if you’re over the age of 50. Health Canada suggests 400 IU of vitamin D per day while other organizations such as Osteoporosis Canada recommend a higher supplement dose if you’re at high risk for osteoporosis.

What you can do: In addition to taking a vitamin D supplement in the winter, add these vitamin D-containing foods to your plate: fatty fish (e.g. salmon, artic char, canned sardines), eggs, mushrooms, milk and fortified plant-based beverage.

Whole grains

During the dark, cold wintry days, it’s easy to feel a little blah. You probably already know that eating whole grains can lower your chances of developing heart disease. But did you know that whole grains can boost your mood too?

Carbohydrate foods – like whole grains as well as legumes, fruits and vegetables – triggers our body’s production of serotonin which is a hormone that helps us feel calm, relaxed and happy. The key is to enjoy carbohydrates WITH protein. In protein foods, there’s a specific amino acid called tryptophan which is needed to make serotonin.

What you can do: Pair whole grains with protein to make delicious meals. Try a sandwich made with whole grain bread and grilled chicken or egg. How about a bowl of oatmeal with nuts and seeds? For pasta salad lovers, stir in a can of beans. My favourite pairing is quinoa with salmon – not only does salmon provide vitamin D, but it also is a fantastic source of  heart healthy and mood-boosting omega-3 fats.

(Learn more about tryptophan in my blog: Does eating turkey make you sleepy?)

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is just one of the many nutrients needed for a strong immune system, especially during cold and flu season. Research shows that getting enough vitamin C can reduce the duration of a cold by 8%. A single orange offers your daily quota for vitamin C, and so does 1 cup of fresh/frozen strawberries, 1 cup of broccoli, 1/2 red pepper or 1-2 kiwis. Vitamin C also plays a role in producing collagen to support skin health.

What you can do: Think beyond oranges for vitamin C. For variety, also try grapefruit, tomatoes, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts and potatoes.

Dark Leafy Greens

Canada’s Dietary Guidelines actually recommend eating one dark green vegetable every day. Fibre, folate and magnesium are a few of the notable nutrients found in leafy greens. Magnesium is actually important for stress management. When we’re stressed, levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) rise. Magnesium works to reduce cortisol levels. Some magnesium superstars are spinach, kale, bok choy, romaine lettuce and Brussels sprouts.

What you can do: Add leafy greens to soups, smoothies, stews, salads and casseroles. Magnesium is also found in other foods like nuts, seeds, whole grains and DARK CHOCOLATE! A 40 gram portion (1.5 ounces or 3 squares) of dark chocolate contains about 25% of your daily requirement for magnesium. Enjoy!

 

Written by Sue Mah, MHSc, RD, PHEc, FDC, award-winning dietitian, Nutrition Solutions Inc.

 

 

If you’re overwhelmed by New Year’s resolutions, try this instead

A pad of paper on a desk. The words "New year resolution" are written on the pad of paper.

Happy New Year! For many, the start of a new year can be motivation to kick start some lifestyle changes.

But resolutions can be overwhelming. I actually don’t make resolutions because honestly, it just puts too much pressure on achieving a specific outcome for the entire year. Imagine the stress and self-guilt if you can’t stick to your resolution. Let’s face it – life happens. Things get in the way – time, interest, family issues or other unexpected distractions. In fact, a recent survey by Forbes Health found that most resolutions last only two to three months. Only one percent of those surveyed stated that their resolutions lasted either 11 or 12 months. (1)

So as a registered dietitian, what do I suggest instead? Make a “SMART” goal for the month. The goal should be:

  • Specific
  • Measurable
  • Achievable
  • Relevant
  • Time-bound

For January, here’s my Nutrition Tip of the Month: Eat one green vegetable every day. Here are few ideas to get you started:

  • Add spinach to a smoothie or omelet
  • Serve a salad with lunch or dinner using kale, romaine or arugula
  • Snack on green peppers with your favourite dip
  • Toss broccoli or green peas into a stir-fry or pasta salad or fried rice
  • Roast Brussels sprouts or asparagus

A bowl of fresh greens

The key is to find things which are doable and sustainable for YOU! Over time, this will become a habit and next month, you can set another “smart” goal.

Let me know in the comments how you like to eat your green veggies!

 

References: (1)  2024 New Year’s Resolutions: Nearly Half Cite Fitness As Their Top Priority.  https://www.forbes.com/health/mind/new-year-resolutions-survey-2024/

Written by: Sue Mah, MHSc, RD, PHEc, FDC – Award-wining dietitian

How to Ditch the Diet Talk During the Holidays

Table with holiday decorations and wine glasses

The holidays are coming and you may find yourself or others saying things that signal diet culture. Diet culture is a system of beliefs which value body thinness over our physical health, mental health and overall well-being. Decades ago, diet culture was very popular. However today, we know that diet culture can lead to disordered eating and a poor relationship with food.

If you find yourself saying any of these statements, take a moment to reflect and consider what you can say instead.

Instead of saying this: You look great! Have you lost weight?

Say this: It’s so great to see you!

While you may think you’re giving a compliment, you’re actually reinforcing diet culture and the idea that thin bodies are better than others. Not only can diet culture lead to disordered eating, but it can also oppress those who do not match up to this image of thinness. The best plan is to avoid talking about your weight or anybody else’s weight.

Instead of saying this: I’m going to be bad and have a piece of dessert.

Say this: I feel like eating a piece of cake. I’m going to take my time eating it and really enjoy it!

Diet culture can make us feel guilty for eating certain types of foods. The truth is that food has no moral value – food is not good or bad, it’s just food. Please don’t feel guilty, ashamed or badly for eating any type of food. Instead, remember that all foods can fit into a balanced eating pattern. To nurture a positive relationship with food, think about your typical pattern of eating (which could include plenty of wholesome foods) rather than the foods you decide to eat at one meal or in one day.

Instead of saying this: I worked out today so I can eat this now.

Say this: I feel my best when I’m active and eat for fuel and nourishment.

Food should not be used as a reward, especially not for children. Know that we eat food for so many different reasons – fuel, nutrition, comfort, connection and celebration. Build habits for a healthy lifestyle which include joyful activity, wholesome eating, sufficient sleep and self care.

Are there any other phrases you would add ? Let me know in the comments.

Written by: Sue Mah, MHSc, RD, PHEc, FDC – Award-winning dietitian and Founder, Nutrition Solutions

 

 

Can you name this veggie?

A bowl of kalettes

 

Did you guess kalettes? If so, you’re correct!

Kalettes are a cross between kale and Brussels sprouts. They are about the same size as a Brussels sprout and look like a small bundle of purplish-green curly leaves with short stems. I saw them at my recent trip to Costco and love that they’re a product of Canada!

Both kalettes and Brussels sprouts are Cruciferous veggies which contain many wonderful nutrients including fibre, beta-carotene, folate, lutein, zeaxanthin – important for cancer prevention, heart health and eye health. Specifically, cruciferous veggies contain a group of natural, beneficial compounds called glucosinolates – these are responsible not only for the slightly bitter flavour but also for some of the cancer prevention properties.

The whole kalette is edible. Compared to Brussels sprouts, kalettes have a milder, slightly nutty flavour. You can roast kalettes (my favourite way to eat them!), sauté them or slice them thinly and eat them raw in a salad.

Here’s how to roast kalettes: Preheat oven to 475F. In a medium-sized bowl, toss about about 3 cups of raw kalettes and drizzle with 1-2 Tbsp olive oil. Add salt and pepper to taste. Pour onto a sheet pan lined with aluminum foil. Bake for about 10 minutes or until the leaves are tender and browned. If you prefer the kalettes crispier, bake them a little longer. It makes a great veggie side dish! Enjoy!

 

 

Plant Science and the Price of Food

A paper grocery bag with a few food items sticking out

Have you heard the news?

Food prices are going up this year by an average of 5-7%. That’s according to the latest Canada’s Food Price Report by researchers at Dalhousie University, the University of Guelph, the University of Saskatchewan and the University of British Columbia.

The chart below outlines the anticipated increases in food prices for various food categories in 2023. The price of dairy, meat and bakery items will all increase between 5-7%, while vegetables will take the hardest hit, with prices expected to rise between 6-8%.

Chart showing percent increase in food prices for different food categories

Source: Canada’s Food Price Report 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Last year’s food price report also predicted an overall food price increase of 5-7%, and in reality, the increase was over 10%. What’s driving the rise in food prices? There isn’t one specific cause, but rather a mix of factors including geopolitical conflicts, higher oil / gas prices, as well as increased fuel and food production costs.

It’s no surprise that rising food costs are Canadians’ top concern. According to research from The Canadian Centre for Food Integrity, the cost of food has consistently been the number one worry among the majority of Canadians for the past five years. In 2022, 69% of Canadians were concerned about the cost of food and 56% were concerned about keeping healthy food affordable.

The good news is, plant science helps to reduce food waste and keep food affordable for Canadians. Scientists use plant breeding innovations like genetic modification and gene editing technology to develop new varieties of crops that are not only tolerant to heat and drought, but that also have an increased shelf life. Longer lasting produce can help you stretch your food dollar and minimize food waste at home.

Up to 40% of crops are lost each year globally due to insects, weeds and diseases.[1] What’s more, extreme weather situations such as droughts and floods could reduce crop yields significantly, potentially driving up food prices. Shorter / milder winters resulting from climate change could further threaten food production. Pesticides and genetically engineered crops are important tools to help protect crops from insects, weeds and diseases as well as limit food loss from farm to table. Here in Canada, plant science technologies are strictly regulated to ensure they are safe for people, animals, and the environment.

Research shows that without plant science innovations, prices would be 45% higher on average for many food staples, which would cost Canadian families an extra $4,500 a year for food.[2] Thanks to plant science, farmers have tools to grow safe, healthy crops while playing an important role in keeping food prices down.

Learn more about plant science innovations and food affordability at HelpingCanadaGrow.ca and www.RealFarmLives.ca.

 

[1] CropLife Canada. Facts and Figures: Food Waste.

[2] Regulatory Impacts / Alternatives / Strategies (RIAS) Inc. (2021 March). The Value of Plant Science Innovations to Canadians in 2020. 

 

Strawberry Ricotta Toast

 

Strawberry ricotta toast

Strawberry Ricotta Toast

A fast, easy and colourful breakfast. Pair with a smoothie or latte for extra protein.
Course Breakfast

Ingredients
  

  • 1 loaf whole grain bread
  • 1 cup ricotta cheese
  • 1 Tbsp honey, plus extra for drizzle
  • 1 cup sliced strawberries
  • fresh mint for garnish

Instructions
 

  • Slice bread and toast it.
  • In a small bowl, combine honey with ricotta cheese.
  • Spread the ricotta mixture on toast and top with sliced strawberries.
  • Drizzle with honey and garnish with mint leaves.

Notes

Strawberry ricotta toast
Keyword breakfast, ricotta toast, strawberry, Strawberry Ricotta Toast

Heart Healthy Breakfast Ideas

Sue Mah in the TV kitchen studio with host Lindsey Deluce

 

For February Heart Month, I showed 3 heart healthy breakfast ideas on TV. Check out the recipes below and watch the full interview clip.

Strawberry Ricotta Toast

BLT Breakfast Salad (Barley, Lettuce, Tomato)

Chickpea Flour Waffles

 

 

 

 

 

 

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